Impact of Globalization on Indian Folk Music and Instruments

Globalization, the process of increased interconnectedness between cultures, economies, and nations, has brought sweeping changes across every aspect of life—including music. Indian folk music, an intrinsic part of the country's cultural and social fabric, has not remained untouched by the forces of globalization. With modern music trends, technological advancements, and exposure to global music, Indian folk music and its traditional instruments face both challenges and opportunities.

In this blog, we will explore the impact of globalization on Indian folk music and instruments, focusing on how it has influenced the preservation and evolution of these rich traditions. Additionally, we will highlight how RAAHEIN Gharana, an initiative dedicated to preserving and promoting Indian folk music, is contributing to this mission in today’s globalized world.

1. The Transformation of Indian Folk Music Under Globalization

Indian folk music is deeply rooted in the traditions, rituals, and daily lives of rural communities. Each region of India has its own distinctive folk music traditions, such as Bihu from Assam, Baul from Bengal, Lavani from Maharashtra, and Garba from Gujarat. The music is often performed using indigenous instruments and expresses stories of love, spirituality, and social realities.

However, with globalization, these local traditions are now interacting with global music cultures, resulting in both positive and negative consequences.

a) Positive Impacts of Globalization

i) Increased Global Exposure

Globalization has made it possible for Indian folk music to reach audiences around the world. Artists like The Manganiyar Seduction and folk fusion bands like Indian Ocean have introduced global audiences to Indian folk rhythms, blending them with contemporary genres. This fusion has broadened the appeal of folk music, enabling it to transcend geographical boundaries.

ii) Preservation Through Digital Platforms

The advent of digital platforms such as Spotify, YouTube, and Apple Music has allowed Indian folk music to find new avenues for preservation and dissemination. Today, music from rural India can be recorded, archived, and shared globally. These platforms help revive traditional music by giving folk artists a global stage.

iii) Collaborations with Global Artists

Globalization has facilitated collaborations between Indian folk musicians and international artists, resulting in rich cross-cultural musical experiences. Such collaborations allow Indian folk traditions to evolve while staying relevant in a fast-changing world.

b) Negative Impacts of Globalization

i) Cultural Homogenization

One of the biggest challenges posed by globalization is cultural homogenization. As global music genres like pop, hip-hop, and EDM dominate the airwaves, there is a tendency for indigenous music traditions to lose their distinctiveness. Younger generations in India are increasingly drawn to these mainstream music styles, leading to a decline in the popularity and practice of traditional folk music.

ii) Marginalization of Indigenous Instruments

Many traditional Indian folk instruments, such as the Ektara, Ravanhatta, and Kamaicha, are at risk of becoming obsolete. Globalization has led to a preference for modern, mass-produced instruments like guitars and keyboards, which are easier to play and integrate into popular music. As a result, the craftsmanship and use of indigenous instruments are diminishing, and the knowledge of playing these instruments is not being passed down to younger generations.

iii) Economic Challenges for Folk Musicians

The growing influence of global music has marginalized many folk musicians who rely on traditional performance practices. Many of these artists live in rural areas and struggle to compete with the commercialized music industry. They often lack the resources and platforms to reach larger audiences, leaving them financially vulnerable.

2. The Role of Technology in Reviving Indian Folk Music

While globalization has posed challenges, it has also brought unprecedented opportunities to revive and preserve Indian folk music. Technology has played a key role in this revival:

a) Recording and Archiving

Digital tools allow folk music to be recorded and archived for future generations. In the past, much of this music was passed down orally, making it susceptible to loss. Today, field recordings can be made and shared, ensuring the survival of these traditions.

b) Social Media for Outreach

Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and YouTube have become essential tools for folk musicians to share their art with the world. These platforms allow artists to showcase their talent, connect with global audiences, and raise awareness about the importance of preserving folk music traditions.

c) Crowdfunding and Financial Support

Online crowdfunding platforms like Patreon and Kickstarter have enabled folk musicians to seek financial support directly from their audiences. This bypasses traditional commercial music labels, giving artists the freedom to maintain their authenticity while receiving funding for their work.

3. Challenges to Preserving Indian Folk Music

Despite the opportunities presented by globalization, preserving Indian folk music faces several key challenges:

a) Declining Interest Among the Youth

One of the biggest challenges is the declining interest in folk music among younger generations. Many young people see folk music as outdated and irrelevant in today’s digital age, preferring more popular global genres. To preserve folk music, it’s essential to make it appealing to the younger audience.

b) Lack of Institutional Support

Although there are government schemes to promote traditional arts, many folk musicians still lack institutional support. Formal training and financial assistance are limited, making it difficult for artists to sustain their craft.

c) Disappearance of Folk Instruments

As mentioned earlier, many indigenous instruments are on the verge of disappearing due to a lack of demand. Craftsmanship traditions associated with making these instruments are also fading, leading to a cultural loss.

4. Preserving Indian Folk Music in a Globalized World: The Way Forward

To ensure the preservation and flourishing of Indian folk music in the age of globalization, a concerted effort is required at multiple levels—community, institutional, and governmental.

a) Cultural Education Programs

Incorporating folk music into school curriculums can play a crucial role in ensuring that future generations remain connected to their cultural heritage. Workshops and music festivals dedicated to folk traditions can also attract younger audiences.

b) Recognition and Support for Folk Musicians

Creating more platforms—both digital and physical—where folk musicians can perform and earn a livelihood is essential. Providing government grants, scholarships, and recognition can help preserve the dignity of their craft and ensure they continue to practice it.

c) Collaborating with Modern Artists

Encouraging collaborations between folk and modern artists can give folk music a contemporary twist while preserving its core essence. This fusion can bring folk music to new audiences, making it more relevant in the global music landscape.

5. RAAHEIN Gharana: A Beacon for Indian Folk Music

RAAHEIN Gharana is an initiative that stands at the forefront of preserving and promoting Indian folk music and indigenous instruments. By documenting, archiving, and promoting over 100 native and folk instruments, RAAHEIN Gharana strives to keep these traditions alive in the face of globalization. They provide a platform for unknown and marginalized musicians to showcase their art, earn a livelihood, and reach global audiences through digital platforms like Spotify, Apple Music, and Gaana.

RAAHEIN Gharana has also been instrumental in organizing workshops and collaborations that bridge the gap between traditional folk musicians and modern artists, ensuring that folk music continues to evolve while staying true to its roots.

Call to Action: Join the Movement to Preserve Indian Folk Music

As globalization continues to shape our world, it is crucial that we work together to preserve the rich cultural heritage of Indian folk music. At RAAHEIN Gharana, we are committed to protecting the legacy of India’s folk traditions and supporting indigenous musicians. But we need your help.

• Listen: Explore the beautiful world of Indian folk music on digital platforms. Share it with your friends and family.
• Support: Consider donating to RAAHEIN Gharana or attending one of our events to support indigenous musicians.
• Spread the Word: Help us raise awareness about the importance of preserving Indian folk music by sharing our mission on social media.

Together, we can ensure that the melodies of India’s folk traditions continue to resonate for generations to come. Visit RAAHEIN Gharana today to discover how you can contribute to this important cause.